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2024, Vol: 31, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE

T. K. Bello; M. T. Isa; T. J. Gideon; A. U. Al-Bashir.

Abstract
The compatibility of natural fiber in a synthetic matrix is an important factor affecting bio-composite properties. Several methods have been used to enhance the fiber matrix interface, however, the use of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) though recommended in literature, has gained little attention. This study, therefore, presents the mechanical and biodegradability properties of TDI modified Okrafiber as reinforcement in unsaturated polyester resin. Short okrafiber of average length 5 mm was modified with the TDI concentration varied from 0 to 4 wt% at1 wt% intervals. The modified fiber was then used to reinforce the unsaturated polyestermix using the casting method and compressed under 350 N. Mechanical tests (such tensile impact, hardness and water absorption) were conducted on the fabricated composites using ASTM standards. Weight loss coupled with Surface Morphological studies was used to estimate the biodegradability of the fabricated composites. Increase concentration resulted in improvement intensile strength, percentage elongation and water resistance of the composites (The maximum average tensile strength of 149.23 Mpa and a percentage elongation of 9.6% was recorded at 3% TDI concentration) while hardness and modulus of elasticity reduced. The water absorption capacity of 1.09% was recorded at 4% TDI concentration.0 wt%, 1wt% and 2 wt% TDI modifications was buried and significant biodegradation was observed after 90 days sample burial with 2% treatment recording the highest weight loss of 0.15%. These properties will find application in indoor furniture panels, footboards and platforms.

Key words: Biodegradability, mechanical, surface morphology, composites, okra, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate.


 
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Pubmed Style

Bello TK, Isa MT, Gideon TJ, Al-Bashir AU. MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. NJE. 2019; 26(3): 28-34.

Web Style

Bello TK, Isa MT, Gideon TJ, Al-Bashir AU. MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. https://www.njeabu.com.ng/?mno=23177 [Access: January 04, 2024].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Bello TK, Isa MT, Gideon TJ, Al-Bashir AU. MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. NJE. 2019; 26(3): 28-34.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Bello TK, Isa MT, Gideon TJ, Al-Bashir AU. MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. NJE. (2019), [cited January 04, 2024]; 26(3): 28-34.


Harvard Style

Bello, T. K., Isa, . M. T., Gideon, . T. J. & Al-Bashir, . A. U. (2019) MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. NJE, 26 (3), 28-34.


Turabian Style

Bello, T. K., M. T. Isa, T. J. Gideon, and A. U. Al-Bashir. 2019. MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 26 (3), 28-34.


Chicago Style

Bello, T. K., M. T. Isa, T. J. Gideon, and A. U. Al-Bashir. "MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 26 (2019), 28-34.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Bello, T. K., M. T. Isa, T. J. Gideon, and A. U. Al-Bashir. "MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 26.3 (2019), 28-34. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Bello, T. K., Isa, . M. T., Gideon, . T. J. & Al-Bashir, . A. U. (2019) MECHANICAL AND BIODEGRADABILITY STUDIES OF TOLUENE - 2,4 - DIISOCYANATE (TDI) MODIFIED OKRA FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 26 (3), 28-34.


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