E-ISSN 2705-3954 | ISSN 0794-4756
 
2026, Vol: 33, Issue: 1
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Original Article 


PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS

Abdulazeez Abubakar, Faiz Habib Anwar, Yusuf Bashir, Zaharaddeen A. Bello, Abba A. Abubakar.


Abstract
In this research, vandalized crumb rubber is used to partially replace sand as an aggregate for the construction of masonry blocks, with aim of weight as well as cost reduction, and ensuring that the compressive strength is within the acceptable limit. ASTM D5603& D5644 crumb rubber was used in this research and it is sourced from Fagge LGA of Kano State, Nigeria. Standard BS Code Batching and mixing procedure using 1:4 mix ratio and the water-cement ratio of 0.5. Using BS 1881-part II 1983, the compressive strength of the blocks at 7 days are 3.40, 3.00, 2.73 and 2.51 N/mm2 at 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% replacement respectively. For 28 days are 5.21, 4.19, 3.73 and 3.46 N/mm2 at 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% replacement respectively. And all the values are within the acceptable strength of the masonry blocks. The weights of the blocks at 7 days are 1629.7, 1591.9, 1551.9, and 1469.9 kg at 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% replacement respectively similarly at 28 days was 1575.1, 1476.9, 1366.7 and 1297.6 kg at 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% replacement respectively, both of which shows a significant reduction in the weight of the blocks. Finally, worthless crumb rubber replaces costly sand aggregate, hence overall cost reduces.

Key words: Masonry Block, Sand, Cement, Crumb Rubber, Strength


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Abubakar A, Anwar FH, Bashir Y, Bello ZA, Abubakar AA. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. NJE. 2022; 29(1): 15-19.

Web Style

Abubakar A, Anwar FH, Bashir Y, Bello ZA, Abubakar AA. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. https://www.njeabu.com.ng/?mno=91503 [Access: June 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Abubakar A, Anwar FH, Bashir Y, Bello ZA, Abubakar AA. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. NJE. 2022; 29(1): 15-19.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Abubakar A, Anwar FH, Bashir Y, Bello ZA, Abubakar AA. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. NJE. (2022), [cited June 27, 2026]; 29(1): 15-19.


Harvard Style

Abubakar, A., Anwar, . F. H., Bashir, . Y., Bello, . Z. A. & Abubakar, . A. A. (2022) PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. NJE, 29 (1), 15-19.


Turabian Style

Abubakar, Abdulazeez, Faiz Habib Anwar, Yusuf Bashir, Zaharaddeen A. Bello, and Abba A. Abubakar. 2022. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 29 (1), 15-19.


Chicago Style

Abubakar, Abdulazeez, Faiz Habib Anwar, Yusuf Bashir, Zaharaddeen A. Bello, and Abba A. Abubakar. "PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 29 (2022), 15-19.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Abubakar, Abdulazeez, Faiz Habib Anwar, Yusuf Bashir, Zaharaddeen A. Bello, and Abba A. Abubakar. "PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 29.1 (2022), 15-19. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Abubakar, A., Anwar, . F. H., Bashir, . Y., Bello, . Z. A. & Abubakar, . A. A. (2022) PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH CRUMB RUBBER IN MANSORY BLOCKS. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 29 (1), 15-19.


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