E-ISSN 2705-3954 | ISSN 0794-4756
 
2025, Vol: 32, Issue: 2
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Original Research 


CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE

Umar Hassan, Mubarak Tijani Abdurahman, Adamu Muhammad Auwal, Abdulrahman Muhammad Abdulmalik, Hauwa Ndagi.


Abstract
This study centres on the development of epoxy matrix composites using different date-palm compositions. In the study, the composites composed of date palm seed powder (30%, 35% and 40%), metal chips (10%, 10%, and 15%) and graphite (10%, 15%, and 15%) whereas aluminium oxide, epoxy resin and hardener were kept consistent at 5%, 20%, and 10% individually. XRD diffractogram of the produced composite indicated an amorphous nature; however a major peak reflection was observed at 31.420 for samples containing 30% date palm seed particles, indicating an increasing crystallinity. The presence of O-H, C-H and C=O were observed from FT-IR analysis. Compressive strength, hardness and frictional coefficient decreased with increasing date palm seed content while wear rate, density values are more favourable compared to conventional brake lining with sample containing 35% date palm seed particles at 1.66 g/cm3. For oil and water absorption, 30wt% and 35wt% date palm content both demonstrated their ability to absorb water and oil, with 30wt% exhibiting better moisture retention over time. Analysis of results show that the onset degradation temperature, final degradation temperature, per cent weight loss (%) and residue after final degradation (%) were 44.41 ºC, 506.57 ºC, 94.1% and 5.19%, respectively.

Key words: Brake pad lining, Date-palm seed, Absorption, X-ray Diffraction, Hardnes and Epoxy composite, Frictional coefficient and Wear


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hassan U, Abdurahman MT, Auwal AM, Abdulmalik AM, Ndagi H. CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. NJE. 2025; 32(2): 40-46.

Web Style

Hassan U, Abdurahman MT, Auwal AM, Abdulmalik AM, Ndagi H. CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. https://www.njeabu.com.ng/?mno=193693 [Access: October 07, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hassan U, Abdurahman MT, Auwal AM, Abdulmalik AM, Ndagi H. CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. NJE. 2025; 32(2): 40-46.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hassan U, Abdurahman MT, Auwal AM, Abdulmalik AM, Ndagi H. CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. NJE. (2025), [cited October 07, 2025]; 32(2): 40-46.


Harvard Style

Hassan, U., Abdurahman, . M. T., Auwal, . A. M., Abdulmalik, . A. M. & Ndagi, . H. (2025) CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. NJE, 32 (2), 40-46.


Turabian Style

Hassan, Umar, Mubarak Tijani Abdurahman, Adamu Muhammad Auwal, Abdulrahman Muhammad Abdulmalik, and Hauwa Ndagi. 2025. CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 32 (2), 40-46.


Chicago Style

Hassan, Umar, Mubarak Tijani Abdurahman, Adamu Muhammad Auwal, Abdulrahman Muhammad Abdulmalik, and Hauwa Ndagi. "CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 32 (2025), 40-46.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hassan, Umar, Mubarak Tijani Abdurahman, Adamu Muhammad Auwal, Abdulrahman Muhammad Abdulmalik, and Hauwa Ndagi. "CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 32.2 (2025), 40-46. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hassan, U., Abdurahman, . M. T., Auwal, . A. M., Abdulmalik, . A. M. & Ndagi, . H. (2025) CHARATERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASBESTOS FREE BRAKE PAD LINING FROM DATE PALM SEED PARTICLES (DPSp), Al2O3 AND EPOXY COMPOSITE. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 32 (2), 40-46.


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